The wireless Sensor Network is basically an application specific network. It is not possible to generalize an optimal solution for the WSN problems. It totally depends upon application selection and resource availability. Since in WSN a large no of sensor nodes are deployed so each sensor behaves as receptor and forwarder for the data from the source to sink.

In WSN all nodes are not directly connected. Therefore, the data is exchanged by multihop communications. So the function of routing protocols is to discover and maintain the routes in the network. So there is an area of wireless sensor networks, which are the routing protocol or schemes. This paper presents a review of main routing schemes, such as classical and swarm intelligence based, proposed for WSN.

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